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lit obits 8/9/2009

Israeli writer Amos Kenan, 1927 - 2009

The Israeli writer and artist Amos Kenan died this past week aged 82. Born in Tel Aviv in 1927 and a veteran of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war, Kenan was a journalist who wrote for the newspapers Haaretz, Yediot Aharonot and Haolam Haze, and a painter, sculptor, poet, playwright and writer of fiction. Always associated with the secular left, Amos Kenan was one of the most outspoken and radical critics of Israeli society. In the 1940s, he was one of several artists and intellectuals belonging to the anti-Zionist and anti-religious Canaanite movement who sought to create an Israeli identity without Judaism by rejecting Jewish history and harking back to the biblical Canaanites. He saw Israelis as a new creation having more in common with Palestinian Arabs than with the Jewish Diaspora. In 1957 at a time when few Israelis recognize the existence of Palestinians as a national group, Kenan together with the journalist and peace activist Uri Avery wrote a manifesto where they advocated the creation of a Palestinian state in federation with Israel. "Amos Kenan was one of the creators of Hebrew culture", said Avery, "Hebrew, not Jewish". See Uri Avnery's Amos Kenan- Lover of the Country for his eulogy over Amos Kenan. permalink comments

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book notes 8/8/2009

Daniel Ellsberg on the 64th Aniversary of Hiroshima Day

For a great many Americans still, the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs are regarded above all with gratitude, for having saved their own lives or the lives of their husbands, brothers, fathers or grandfathers, which would otherwise have been at risk in the invasion of Japan. For these Americans and many others, the Bomb was not so much an instrument of massacre as a kind of savior, a protector of precious lives.

Most Americans ever since have seen the destruction of the populations of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as necessary and effective—as constituting just means, in effect just terrorism, under the supposed circumstances—thus legitimating, in their eyes, the second and third largest single-day massacres in history. (The largest, also by the U.S. Army Air Corps, was the firebombing of Tokyo five months before on the night of March 9, which burned alive or suffocated 80,000 to 120,000 civilians. Most of the very few Americans who are aware of this event at all accept it, too, as appropriate in wartime.

To regard those acts as definitely other than criminal and immoral—as most Americans do—is to believe that anything—anything—can be legitimate means: at worst, a necessary, lesser, evil. At least, if done by Americans, on the order of a president, during wartime. Indeed, we are the only country in the world that believes it won a war by bombing—specifically by bombing cities with weapons of mass destruction—and believes that it was fully rightful in doing so. It is a dangerous state of mind.

Even if the premises of these justifications had been realistic (after years of study I’m convinced, along with many scholars, that they were not; but I’m not addressing that here), the consequences of such beliefs for subsequent policymaking were bound to be fateful. They underlie the American government and public’s ready acceptance ever since of basing our security on readiness to carry out threats of mass annihilation by nuclear weapons, and the belief by many officials and elites still today that abolition of these weapons is not only infeasible but undesirable.
Every one of our many thousands of H-bombs, the thermonuclear fusion bombs that arm our strategic forces, requires a Nagasaki-type A-bomb as its detonator. (I doubt that one American in a hundred knows that simple fact, and thus has a clear understanding of the difference between A- and H-bombs, or of the reality of the thermonuclear arsenals of the last 50 years.

Our popular image of nuclear war—from the familiar pictures of the devastation of Nagasaki and Hiroshima—is grotesquely misleading. Those pictures show us only what happens to humans and buildings when they are hit by what is now just the detonating cap for a modern nuclear weapon. - two selections from Hiroshima Day: America Has Been Asleep at the Wheel for 64 Years by Daniel Ellsberg.
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lit obits 7/30/2009

Angela's Ashes author Frank McCourt, 1930 - 2009

I was stunned when I first read his book...I remember thinking, ‘Where did this guy come from? His book was so good, and it came out of nowhere. - author Peter Matthiessen

What the memoir requires is a distinctive voice, and Frank was a master of his voice. - author Mary Karr

F. Scott Fitzgerald said there are no second acts in American lives. I think I've proven him wrong.
And all because I refused to settle for a one-act existence, the 30 years I taught English in various New York City high schools.
- Frank McCourt

"By his own admission, Frank McCourt complained that the hours he devoted to teaching high school kept him from his writing. But by all accounts, it was also what helped him nourish, shape and hone the voice he would later use to narrate Angela’s Ashes (Scribner, 1996), the book for which he received the 1997 Pulitzer Prize for biography. In fact, even after obtaining a master’s degree in English at Brooklyn College in 1967, the Brooklyn-born and Irish-bred author continued to teach in New York City public schools until he retired in 1997. McCourt passed away on Sunday, July 19, 2009, after battling melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer. He was 78." - from the Brooklyn College obituary Remembering Pulitzer Prize-Winning Author Frank McCourt

My father and mother should have stayed in New York where they met and married and where I was born. Instead, they returned to Ireland when I was four, my brother, Malachy, three, the twins, Oliver and Eugene, barely one, and my sister, Margaret, dead and gone.

When I look back on my childhood I wonder how I survived at all. It was, of course, a miserable childhood: the happy childhood is hardly worth your while. Worse than the ordinary miserable childhood is the miserable Irish childhood, and worse yet is the miserable Irish Catholic childhood.

People everywhere brag and whimper about the woes of their early years, but nothing can compare with the Irish version: the poverty; the shiftless loquacious alcoholic father; the pious defeated mother moaning by the fire; pompous priests; bullying schoolmasters; the English and the terrible things they did to us for eight hundred long years.

Above all -- we were wet.

Out in the Atlantic Ocean great sheets of rain gathered to drift slowly up the River Shannon and settle forever in Limerick. The rain dampened the city from the Feast of the Circumcision to New Year's Eve. It created a cacophony of hacking coughs, bronchial rattles, asthmatic wheezes, consumptive croaks. It turned noses into fountains, lungs into bacterial sponges. It provoked cures galore; to ease the catarrh you boiled onions in milk blackened with pepper; for the congested passages you made a paste of boiled flour and nettles, wrapped it in a rag, and slapped it, sizzling, on the chest.

From October to April the walls of Limerick glistened with the damp. Clothes never dried: tweed and woolen coats housed living things, sometimes sprouted mysterious vegetations. In pubs, steam rose from damp bodies and garments to be inhaled with cigarette and pipe smoke laced with the stale fumes of spilled stout and whiskey and tinged with the odor of piss wafting in from the outdoor jakes where many a man puked up his week's wages.

The rain drove us into the church -- our refuge, our strength, our only dry place. At Mass, Benediction, novenas, we huddled in great damp clumps, dozing through priest drone, while steam rose again from our clothes to mingle with the sweetness of incense, flowers and candles.

Limerick gained a reputation for piety, but we knew it was only the rain.
- from chapter 1 of Angela’s Ashes by Frank McCourt.
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progressive books 7/15/2009

D.D. Guttenplan on I.F.Stone and the Vietnam War

Last month was the twentieth aniversary of the death of investigative journalist and radical historian I.F. Stone. For the occasion and the release of his new book, American Radical: The Life and Times of I.F. Stone, D.D. Guttenplan, the London correspondent for The Nation magazine, appeared on DemocracyNow!. Here is an excerpt on I.F.Stone and the Vietnam War:

I want to talk about Vietnam for just a second, because, in a way, the most important issue of I.F. Stone’s Weekly was in 1965 after the State Department put out a white paper on Vietnam justifying the American escalation of the war. And they basically painted the Viet Cong as tools of North Vietnam who were, in turn, tools of Moscow and China, so that the whole war could have been stopped, in the view of the Johnson administration, which later became the view of the Nixon administration, if you put sufficient pressure on Moscow and China.

And what Stone showed was—he basically went to the appendix. He always said you should read a government document from the back, because that’s where they put the stuff they don’t want you to notice, which they have to include, but they don’t want you to notice it. So at the back of the State Department white paper was a report on weapons captured by the US forces in Vietnam. And Stone showed—it was a detailed list—that 95 percent of these weapons were made in the West, that they were either American or British, and that they had obviously been captured by the army of—you know, the Vietnamese army that we were arming, so that, you know, far from being a Moscow-equipped and–backed force, the Viet Cong were an indigenous native opposition to the South Vietnamese government and that their—and their weapons came from the weapons we were giving to the army that they were defeating.

And this—in a sense, what was important about it is, first of all, that it exposed the government’s big lie about Vietnam, and secondly, it gave legitimacy and credibility to the opposition, because it came out of the time when, for example, the Students for a Democratic Society were trying to decide what was the big issue to organize around in the United States. And they asked Stone to speak to them. And that’s sort of interesting, because he was a lot older than they were. And, you know, in general, they didn’t have a lot of time for journalists of his generation. He was the only journalist asked to speak at the first Vietnam War Moratorium. And he basically said, “Look, the government is carrying on this war, and there’s no peace movement here.” You know, there were stirrings of a peace movement, but it had been so terrorized by McCarthyism and so marginalized that he felt that that was the most important cause, and that was what they should throw themselves into wholeheartedly.
- from DemocracyNow!
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book awards 7/5/2009

Philip Hoare wins 2009 Samuel Johnson Prize for Leviathan

Nothing else represents life on such a scale. Seeing a whale is not like seeing a sparrow in a city tree, or a cat crossing the street. It is not even like seeing a giraffe, dawdling on the African veldt, batting its glamorous eyes in the dust. - from Leviathan by Philip Hoare, winner of the £20,000 BBC Samuel Johnson Prize for Non-Fiction .

"The quality of his writing was just so impressive", stated Jacob Weisberg, chairman of judges, "it is literary, just beautiful. It is a model of a certain kind of writing and I imagine it is a book that will be read for a long time to come."

Whales exist beyond the normal, beyond what we expect to see in our daily lives. They are not so much animal as geographical; if they did not move it would be difficult to believe they were alive at all. In their size – their very construction – they are antidotes to our lives lived in uncompromising cities. Perhaps that's why I was so affected seeing them at this point in my life: I was ready to witness whales, to believe in them. I had come looking for something, and I had found it. - from Leviathan by Philip Hoare.
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book awards 6/24/2009

R. Bruce Elder wins 2009 Robert Motherwell Book Award

Author, filmaker and critic R. Bruce Elder has won the Robert Motherwell Book Award for his book Harmony and Dissent: Film and Avant-garde Art Movements in the Early Twentieth Century. The Robert Motherwell Book Award honors an outstanding publication in the history and criticism of modernism.

"A remarkably ambitious, wide-ranging, and thoroughly researched study that opens new perspectives on the development of modernism and on the central role of cinema in that development" said award committee. "His most original book" according to P. Adams Sitney. Elder "makes a convincing case for the centrality of cinema as a unique mode of inspired cognition in the wake of the revolutionary art movements of the 1910s and 1920s. His learned investigation of the mystical heritage informing even the most dogmatically rationalist areas of modernist art and polemics puts the work of Richter, Eggeling, and Eisenstein in a thoroughly new and dazzling light."

Fedorov’s belief in the aesthetic transformation of humanity led him to consider a question that would play a large role in art theories in early twentieth-century Russia: How could new bodies be created that would be suited for the future world? Art, Fedorov argued, lies at the intersection of material and ideal reality, so it is able to transfigure the human body. Science will resurrect the bodies of the departed, Fedorov predicted, but art will restructure them. A principal concern of Fedorov was how to bring forth a blissful collective organism. His solution: The body’s earthly constitution would have to be fundamentally changed. Cosmic nutritional substances would be invented, along with new organs for digestion. Cosmic transmutations of the body would then occur that left behind the body’s zoomorphous nature as it developed vegetative organs. These new vegetative organs would make the body capable of feeding on and accumulating the all-pervading cosmic substance—that is, light (just as plants are nourished through photosynthesis). The flesh body would be converted into a photosynthesizing biomass that would flourish in the light and warmth of special greenhouses in outer space. This new body would make sunshine (and light generally) a primary economic resource, one that could be consumed and reproduced by the new human organism. The worker and the machine that produced the cosmic resource (light) would in time fuse into one entity. - from chapter 6: Eisenstein, Constructivism, and the Dialectic of Harmony and Dissent: Film and Avant-garde Art Movements in the Early Twentieth Century by R. Bruce Elder.
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lit obits 6/23/2009

Indian poet Kamal Das, 1934 - 2009

One of the pioneers of Indian English poetry who achieved worldwide recognition for her unconventional poems celebrating teenage rebellion and frank exploration of female sexuality, Kamala Das died last month aged 75. "Her acheivements," eulogized Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, "extended well beyond her verses of poetry. She made a mark in painting and fiction. As a syndicated columnist, her columns touched on everything from women's issues and child care to politics."

Nilanjana S Roy on Kamala Das:

Those who read in Malayalam knew her as a short story writer whose work reflected the frustrations of a generation of women who were just beginning to question marriage and the domestic life, just beginning to embrace their own sexuality and need for freedom. Many knew her only by her autobiography, published as My Story, which was an often intense, often rambling account of her loves, her writing, her need for something larger than the world of tradition and the hearth.

....No, not for me the beguiling promise of
domestic bliss, the goodnight kiss, the weekly
letter that begins with the word dearest,
Not for me the hollowness of marital vows and
the loneliness of a double bed, where someone
lies dreaming of another mate, a woman perhaps
lustier than his own....
— Annamalai Poems
, Kamala Das

Kamala Das grew up in a house where literature and writing was the order of the day—her great-uncle was a writer, her mother, Nalapatt Balamani Amma, was a respected poet, and her father was the managing editor of Matrubhumi. She wrote as a child, but only began to write professionally after marriage and motherhood. Her views were shocking in that time, her frankness about female desire revelatory and unsettling.

Gift him all,
Gift him what makes you woman, the scent of
Long hair, the musk of sweat between the breasts,
The warm shock of menstrual blood, and all your
Endless female hungers...."
— The Looking Glass
, Kamala Das

Today, it’s hard to see the impact that lines of these would have had for a previous generation. Writers like Catherine Millet (The Sexual Life of Catherine M) and Charlotte Roche (Wetlands) now examine their sexual history in detailed laundry lists that leave nothing, from haemorrhoids to orgies as meticulously planned as a 19th century tea party, to the imagination. But for women—and men—trapped in a multitude of roles that stressed the centrality of the family, Kamala Das’ passionate evocation of desire, her demand that women be given lives, and rooms, of their own, was revolutionary.

Purdah is a kind of safety.
The body finds a place to hide.
The cloth fans out against the skin
Much like the earth that falls
on coffins after they put the dead men in.
—Purdah I
, Imtiaz Dharker

In her sixties, Kamala Das, who had once written with deep feeling about the Radha-Krishna relationship, discovered a need for subjugation, a turning away from the freedom she had so often longed for and fought for. Her conversion to Islam created yet another identity for her; as Suraiyya, she abjured many of the things that had defined her as a writer. Hindus, especially the liberal fold, were shocked at this late-life change of faith. Nor did it please those who had studied Islam in depth and felt that Kamala Das/ Suraiyya had woefully misunderstood the faith.

Kamala Das had become, she said in an interview, a “puritan in all senses”; but the purdah she embraced so eagerly was deconstructed by another poet, Imtiaz Dharker, in the lines quoted above. Dharker was writing in general terms, but in many ways, she captured what Kamala Das was seeking—a place to hide, a kind of safety after the years of rebellion. In the process, Kamala Das lost the ability to define herself, except in the most fluid terms—she would remain, to the end, a seeker who never quite knew what she was looking for.

- from Kamala Das, Madhavikutty, Suraiya (1934-2009) by Nilanjana S Roy.

That was the only kind of love,
This hacking each other's parts
Like convicts hacking, breaking clods
At noon. We were earth under hot
Sun. There was a burning in our
Veins and the cool mountain nights did
Nothing to lessen heat. When he
And I were one, we were neither
Male nor female.
— Convicts
, Kamala Das

I study the trappings
Of your body, dear love,
For I must some day find
An escape from its snare.
— The Prisoner
, Kamala Das
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book notes 6/22/2009

J.D. Salinger's Catcher in the Rye Inspires Possible Swedish Copycat

The Associated Press is reporting that a newbook written by Swedish author Fredrik Colting is being scrutinized by a U.S. District Judge who is concerned about copyright infringement of J.D. Salinger’s iconic novel Catcher in the Rye. Colting’s book, 60 Years Later: Coming Through the Rye,was written to poke fun at Salinger’s “God-Author” public persona, according to Colting, but Judge Deborah Batts noted that she sees only close similarities between the stories, and not a clear separation or criticism, as Colting claims to have made of Salinger. In Colting’s version, a “Mr. C” escapes from a retirement home and goes on a journey that Judge Batts believes mirrors too closely the events that unfold for Holden Caufield in Salinger’s original work. Colting also published the book under a pseudonym that is undeniably close to Salinger’s real name: J.D. California.

Ironically, the Associated Press reports, Colting’s lawyer is accusing Judge Batts of banning the new book as she considers blocking its publication – it was slated to be released in the U.S. on September 15 – due to a copyright infringement. Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye, which was published in 1951, has also been banned over the years.

J.D. Salinger is collaborating with Judge Batts, and according to The AP, his literary agent referred to 60 Years Later as “wholesale piracy.” Colting’s lawyer, however, considers the new work a valid sequel to the original.

The Catcher in the Rye has reportedly sold between 10 million and 35 million copies and is still considered to be one of the most iconic portraits of American literature. Time declared it one of the top English-language novels from 1923-2005, former U.S. President George H.W. Bush credits it with being one of the books that has inspired him over the years. According to Wikipedia, Catcher in the Rye was the most censored books in high schools and libraries between 1961 and 1982, but it has also become one of the most treasured and most widely taught books in the U.S.

This post was contributed by Caitlin Smith, who writes about online colleges. She welcomes your feedback at CaitlinSmith1117 at gmail.com.
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progressive books 6/14/2009

Leonard Zeskind on white nationalists, support for Israel, Holocaust denial and the anti-abortion movement

For more than three decades Leonard Zeskind has been studying and writing on racism, anti-Semitism and the white supremacist movement. He is one of the nation’s leading researchers on right-wing hate groups and has just published Blood and Politics: The History of the White Nationalist Movement from the Margins to the Mainstream. Zeskind was a guest on DemocracyNow! this week following the three recent shootings involving a gunman with ties to the white nationalist movement: the shooting of three police officers in Philadelphia in April, the murder of abortion provider Dr. George Tiller last month and the killing of a security guard at the Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washingtom DC. We provide three excepts from his interview:

On support for Israel:

In the book, I describe a moment in 1988 when Pat Robertson, the Reverend Pat Robertson, runs through the Republican primaries and excites the white Christian constituency into the Republican Party. And the Liberty Lobby, at that point, says, “Look, we disagree with the Reverend Robertson on the issue of the Federal Reserve, but mostly with his support for the state of Israel.”

So they use that as a line of demarcation between themselves and what we think of as the Christian right. These people have a thorough anti-Semitic conspiracy theory, which separates them, to some degree, from the Christian right. On other issues, like opposition to abortion, trying to force women back into seventeenth century, quote, “traditional” roles, those kinds of issues, opposition to gay marriage, they support those issues. But on the issue of Israel, they think that the Christian right is wrong. So that’s the core of the difference between the Christian right and the white nationalists. And I try and explore that in the book a little bit.

On Holocaust denial:

Well, in the case of Holocaust denial, this is a rewriting of history that, for some, is simply, you know, a way to poke a stick into Jews’ eyes. They see this as a way to aggravate Jews. For others, like William Pierce, he says specifically, “We cannot do what we want to do in the United States as long as people believe that these Hitler crimes occurred.” And so, he says it destroys the white ethic of survival. So, for Pierce, Holocaust denial is a strategy to repeat the Holocaust in the United States by denying it in the past. And for some in the movement, that’s clearly part of their idea structure.

On the anti-abortion movement:

the anti-abortion movement, as we all know, is dominated by organizations in the Christian right, is dominated by a wing of the Catholic Church, and is not, in the main, associated with the white nationalist movement. But a number of the killers have had some relationship to the white nationalists.

I go back in the book to describe the murder of Dr. Gunn in Pensacola, which was the first of these murders. And the man who incited the shooter—now, the shooter is just a regular Joe that’s an anti-abortion nut case. But in the case of the incitement, the person who was leading him, it was a man, John Burt, who had been part of the Klan in Florida in the ’60s and talked about the fact that he had committed acts of violence in the battles for civil rights in Saint Augustine.

In the case of Scott Roeder, we know that he put on a, quote, “sovereign citizen” license plate on his car in the 1996. That was a sign that he was a part of the Freemen. And the sovereign citizen movement was part of a clearly defined racial theory of the Constitution. These people believed—the Freemen, the Posse Comitatus before it—these people believed that there were two classes of citizens in the United States. One were organic sovereigns, or sovereigns, who drew their rights from God, and the rest were Fourteenth Amendment citizens with lesser rights, and this was everybody who wasn’t white and Christian. And they were—the so-called Fourteenth Amendment citizens got their rights from the government, where the sovereigns got their rights from God. And so, they believed that they could adhere to a set of what they called Christian common laws, rather than what they called statutory law in the United States.

Roeder was part of that. That indicates to me that when he shot—when he allegedly shot Dr. Tiller, he was acting out of a complete theology, if you will, a theology that tells him that his citizenship is superior, that abortion is wrong, that women have to obey men, and so forth. - three excerpts from DemocracyNow!
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book notes 6/13/2009

Ralph Nader on master woodworker Sam Maloof, 1916 - 2009

You can't help but stroke the darn things - Jeremy Adamson, curator a 2001 exhibition of Sam Maloof's work at the Renwick Gallery of the Smithsonian American Art Museum.

Described by the Smithsonian Institution as "America's most renowned contemporary furniture craftsman" and dubbed by People magazine as the"The Hemingway of Hardwood," master woodworker and furniture designer Sam Maloof died last month at the age of 93. Maloof called himself a "woodworker". "I like the word," he once told a Los Angeles Times. "It's an honest word. "A measure of the man's spirit, writes Ralph Nader on Maloof, "is reflected in these words about his work:

Craftsmen in any media know the satisfaction that comes in designing and making an object from raw material. Mine comes from working in wood. Once you have breathed, smelled, and tasted the tanginess of wood and have handled it in the process of giving it form, there is nothing, I believe, that can replace the complete satisfaction granted. Working a rough piece of wood into a complete, useful object is the welding together of man and material.

The exquisite manual workmanship of Mr. Maloof is further stimulating the questioning of the remoteness that modern technology visits on so many people who spend hours in virtual reality, separated from nature and its materials. Our country was built by craftsmen, artisans and other workers who designed and made real things. High Schools offered Shop Class, where students learned skills and the joy of creating. These classes opened doors to a source of livelihood and pride for budding artisans.

With the nineteenth century industrial revolution and mass production employing masses of workers, these independent craftsmen tried to remain independent contractors and not become what they called "wage slaves" in giant, often dangerous, factories...

In a new book titled Shop Class as Soulcraft by Matthew B. Crawford, the author bemoaned the closing at high schools all over the United States of shop classes that taught the mechanical arts like carpentry, woodworking, welding and other skills. They were closed to allow more funding of computer labs. And because our throw-away society no longer properly values the fruits of artisan labor.

Crawford goes on to argue and demonstrate what our society loses when we make joining the paper economy the chief aspiration of the younger generations or to use Robert Reich?s phrase to become "symbolic analysts." Somebody has to keep the real world running maintained, repaired and replaced?something we realize very quickly when things don?t work in our households.

The draining of gratification from work in a techno-computerized environment is a widespread condition for millions of people, apart from the automated severance of their judgment and discretion by command and control positions." -- from The Craft of Sam Maloof A Visionary Woodworker.
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